Academic research, articles, or white papers on mobiles in social development
CGNet Swara
Posted by PrabhasPokharel on Jul 08, 2010
CGNet Swara is a new audio-based citizen journalism service in Chhattisgarh, India. Citizen journalists can call a phone number to record news, and listeners can call in to hear news recorded by citizens around them. When citizen journalists call, they simply press 1 to record news and record some audio onto the system. Listeners can call the same number, press 2, and hear the last three items that the moderators have selected to be published on to the service.
The moderators receive requests via email when a citizen journalist posts content, after which they verify the report (sometimes adding notice that a report isn't verified, sometimes investigating more, on a case-by-case basis), edit the recording, and publish it. There are currently three moderators, all professionally trained journalists.
CGNet Swara moderators use a Google SMS channel (a free SMS group service in India) to send out an SMS after a news report is published. The SMS includes the number recipients can call to hear the report. Selected stories are sent out to the CGNet mailing list, an open mailing list made up of citizen journalists, activists, expatriates, mainstream journalists, and others that are interested in Chhattisgarh. Selected stories are also translated to Hindi by moderators, so that those in the CGNet mailing list can understand reports.
Swara trained a selection of participants from Chhattisgarh how to record news on their cellphones and report it to the system. The training also included "basics of journalism," and let participants practice recording stories, according to Shubhranshu Choudhary, the Knight Journalism Fellow who is responsible for the creation of the system.
Of the 29 participants, one-third were female, 80% owned mobile phones, and half had sent a text message before the training.
In the first three months of regular service, CGNet Swara received 3500+ calls to listen to news. There were 150 comments published by the moderators of Swara in those three months. The news that was published was mostly contributed by activists and social workers in the region, with a handful of trained journalists also contributing. The contributors, a majority of whom did not receive training, added between one and five posts per person. The reports tended to consist of news (rallies, appointing of officials, etc), infrastructure issues, social concerns (arsenic in the water, school closures, etc), and some reports from a local anti-liquor campaign. CGNet Swara was briefly interrupted after servers had to be moved, but is now back online, and sees a steady stream of uploaded content today.
The technology that the Swara system uses is simple. It uses Audiowiki software developed by Bill Thies at MIT, and customized for CGNet by an MIT team that included Latif Alam. The customization, according to Alam, consisted of stripping away most features so that when tribal journalists or listeners called, they had to navigate around the system as little as possible. (At present, the technology powering the system is not much more than the open source interactive-voice-response software Asterisk with a simple python script to handle the call, says Alam).
When someone calls in, they are presented with only two options: one to record and one to listen to news. Despite having reports in four languages, the system doesn't include a way to choose between languages as of yet. Alam said that this is a possible feature for the future. CGNet Swara is also considering adding more complicated categorization (news, songs, etc.), and search-related features into the system in the future.
Flowchart courtesy of Bill Thies. Image courtesy of CGNet Swara.
CGNet Swara is a new audio-based citizen journalism service in Chhattisgarh, India. Citizen journalists can call a phone number to record news, and listeners can call in to hear news recorded by citizens around them. When citizen journalists call, they simply press 1 to record news and record some audio onto the system. Listeners can call the same number, press 2, and hear the last three items that the moderators have selected to be published on to the service.
The moderators receive requests via email when a citizen journalist posts content, after which they verify the report (sometimes adding notice that a report isn't verified, sometimes investigating more, on a case-by-case basis), edit the recording, and publish it. There are currently three moderators, all professionally trained journalists.
CGNet Swara moderators use a Google SMS channel (a free SMS group service in India) to send out an SMS after a news report is published. The SMS includes the number recipients can call to hear the report. Selected stories are sent out to the CGNet mailing list, an open mailing list made up of citizen journalists, activists, expatriates, mainstream journalists, and others that are interested in Chhattisgarh. Selected stories are also translated to Hindi by moderators, so that those in the CGNet mailing list can understand reports.
Swara trained a selection of participants from Chhattisgarh how to record news on their cellphones and report it to the system. The training also included "basics of journalism," and let participants practice recording stories, according to Shubhranshu Choudhary, the Knight Journalism Fellow who is responsible for the creation of the system.
Of the 29 participants, one-third were female, 80% owned mobile phones, and half had sent a text message before the training.
In the first three months of regular service, CGNet Swara received 3500+ calls to listen to news. There were 150 comments published by the moderators of Swara in those three months. The news that was published was mostly contributed by activists and social workers in the region, with a handful of trained journalists also contributing. The contributors, a majority of whom did not receive training, added between one and five posts per person. The reports tended to consist of news (rallies, appointing of officials, etc), infrastructure issues, social concerns (arsenic in the water, school closures, etc), and some reports from a local anti-liquor campaign. CGNet Swara was briefly interrupted after servers had to be moved, but is now back online, and sees a steady stream of uploaded content today.
The technology that the Swara system uses is simple. It uses Audiowiki software developed by Bill Thies at MIT, and customized for CGNet by an MIT team that included Latif Alam. The customization, according to Alam, consisted of stripping away most features so that when tribal journalists or listeners called, they had to navigate around the system as little as possible. (At present, the technology powering the system is not much more than the open source interactive-voice-response software Asterisk with a simple python script to handle the call, says Alam).
When someone calls in, they are presented with only two options: one to record and one to listen to news. Despite having reports in four languages, the system doesn't include a way to choose between languages as of yet. Alam said that this is a possible feature for the future. CGNet Swara is also considering adding more complicated categorization (news, songs, etc.), and search-related features into the system in the future.
Flowchart courtesy of Bill Thies. Image courtesy of CGNet Swara.
May I convey my heartfelt congratulations on your innovative way of giving voice to voiceless people through CGnet.swara .
I am also happy to know that through this media some of the problems of the ordinary citizens were solved.
Now may I ask you if can we send news from Madhyapradesh as well. And will you include in to your email list the editors, social activists,thinkers from MP as well so that the similar problems faced by tribals - Gonds and others could be voiced through you and may get noticed to be solved as well.
Once again Wish you all the best at the service of the poor tribal people.
With Warm Regards,
Gratefully Yours,
Paulson Muthipeeidka
Posted by Paulson Muthipeedika (not verified) on Tue, 2011-03-01 13:31
Regarding CGnet.Swara
Dear Sir,
May I convey my heartfelt congratulations on your innovative way of giving voice to voiceless people through CGnet.swara .
I am also happy to know that through this media some of the problems of the ordinary citizens were solved.
Now may I ask you if can we send news from Madhyapradesh as well. And will you include in to your email list the editors, social activists,thinkers from MP as well so that the similar problems faced by tribals - Gonds and others could be voiced through you and may get noticed to be solved as well.
Once again Wish you all the best at the service of the poor tribal people.
With Warm Regards,
Gratefully Yours,
Paulson Muthipeeidka
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